Exempt from the sanction, keep the offence

Intention

I want to exclude the sanction without destroying the qualification of the act.

Incorrect form and why it stays silent

// Освобождение оформляют исключением из квалификации offence.

Exemption is addressed to the sanction, not to the offence. Fine becomes DEFEATED, but offence stays TRUE_ONLY.

Correct form

language "law.core" version "0.2";
package recipes.zh.r05 version "0.1.0";
namespace "urn:recipe:zh-violation:05";

entity Person;
relation enrolled(p: Person);
relation done(p: Person);
relation act(p: Person);
relation offence(p: Person);
relation exempt(p: Person);
rule Qualify strict { for p: Person; when act(p); then offence(p); }
rule Impose defeasible { for p: Person; when offence(p);
    then duty Fine { bearer p; achieve done(p) during [@2026-09-01, @2026-09-10]; };
    unless exempt(p);
}

Frozen execution scene

Facts and snapshot	Question	Answer
ordinary sanction; 2026-09-05	`positions()`	`position(Fine, ACTIVE);`
exemption; 2026-09-13	`positions()`	`position(Fine, DEFEATED);`
offence kept; 2026-09-13	`truth(offence(entity_ref("urn:recipe:zh-violation:05:p")))`	`truth_status == TRUE_ONLY;`
proviso removed; 2026-09-05	`positions()`	`position(Fine, ACTIVE);`

ordinary sanction active

test "ordinary sanction active" {
    given {
        context {
            legal_time @2026-09-05;
            decision_time @2026-09-05T09:00:00+05:00;
            knowledge_time @2026-09-30T09:00:00+05:00;
            timezone "Asia/Almaty";
        }
        assert act(entity_ref("urn:recipe:zh-violation:05:p"));
    }
    evaluate positions();
    expect position(Fine, ACTIVE);
    expect evaluation_status == COMPUTED;
}

exemption defeats sanction

test "exemption defeats sanction" {
    given {
        context {
            legal_time @2026-09-13;
            decision_time @2026-09-13T09:00:00+05:00;
            knowledge_time @2026-09-30T09:00:00+05:00;
            timezone "Asia/Almaty";
        }
        assert act(entity_ref("urn:recipe:zh-violation:05:p")); assert exempt(entity_ref("urn:recipe:zh-violation:05:p"));
    }
    evaluate positions();
    expect position(Fine, DEFEATED);
    expect evaluation_status == COMPUTED;
}

offence composition survives

test "offence composition survives" {
    given {
        context {
            legal_time @2026-09-13;
            decision_time @2026-09-13T09:00:00+05:00;
            knowledge_time @2026-09-30T09:00:00+05:00;
            timezone "Asia/Almaty";
        }
        assert act(entity_ref("urn:recipe:zh-violation:05:p")); assert exempt(entity_ref("urn:recipe:zh-violation:05:p"));
    }
    evaluate truth(offence(entity_ref("urn:recipe:zh-violation:05:p")));
    expect truth_status == TRUE_ONLY;
    expect evaluation_status == COMPUTED;
}

removed clause restores sanction

test "removed clause restores sanction" {
    given {
        context {
            legal_time @2026-09-05;
            decision_time @2026-09-05T09:00:00+05:00;
            knowledge_time @2026-09-30T09:00:00+05:00;
            timezone "Asia/Almaty";
        }
        assert act(entity_ref("urn:recipe:zh-violation:05:p")); assert exempt(entity_ref("urn:recipe:zh-violation:05:p"));
    }
    evaluate positions();
    expect position(Fine, ACTIVE);
    expect evaluation_status == COMPUTED;
}

Qualify was made defeasible with unless exempt(p): the qualification wrongly disappeared.

exemption on composition removes offence

test "exemption on composition removes offence" {
    given {
        context {
            legal_time @2026-09-13;
            decision_time @2026-09-13T09:00:00+05:00;
            knowledge_time @2026-09-30T09:00:00+05:00;
            timezone "Asia/Almaty";
        }
        assert act(entity_ref("urn:recipe:zh-violation:05:p")); assert exempt(entity_ref("urn:recipe:zh-violation:05:p"));
    }
    evaluate truth(offence(entity_ref("urn:recipe:zh-violation:05:p")));
    expect truth_status == NEITHER;
    expect evaluation_status == COMPUTED;
}

>>> import runpy
>>> check = runpy.run_path("docs/recipes/zh-violation/resources/check.py")
>>> check["check_variant"](https://github.com/arxohq/law/blob/master/docs/recipes/zh-violation/5)
'Ж5: контрфактуал подтверждён; lawc = lawref'

Counterfactual

Diagnostic mutation rule Impose defeasible → rule Impose strict: LDC-E4110. Semantic differences are pinned as separate scenes.

Boundary

A rule that excludes the offence itself is modelled differently. Here a direct defeater of the sanction is shown; the full liability layer is a separate concern.

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